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This listing of flight altitude records are the records set for the highest aeronautical flights conducted in the atmosphere, set since the age of ballooning. Some, but not all of the records were certified by the non-profit international aviation organization, the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI). One reason for a lack of 'official' certification was that the flight occurred prior to the creation of the FAI. For clarity, the "Fixed-wing aircraft" table is sorted by FAI-designated categories as determined by whether the record-creating aircraft left the ground by its own power (category "Altitude"), or whether it was first carried aloft by a carrier-aircraft prior to its record setting event (category "Altitude gain", or formally "Altitude Gain, Aeroplane Launched from a Carrier Aircraft"). Other sub-categories describe the airframe, and more importantly, the powerplant type (since rocket-powered aircraft can have greater altitude abilities than those with air-breathing engines).〔 An essential requirement for the creation of an "official" altitude record is the employment of FAI-certified observers present during the record-setting flight.〔 Thus several records noted are unofficial due to the lack of such observers. == Balloons == * 1783—15 August—; Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier of France, made the first ascent in a hot-air balloon. * 1783-19 October-; Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier, in Paris. * 1783-19 October-; Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier with André Giroud de Villette, in Paris. * 1783-21 November-; Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier with Marquis d'Arlandes, in Paris. * 1783—1 December 1783—; Jacques Alexandre Charles and his assistant Marie-Noël Robert, both of France, made the first flight in a hydrogen balloon to about 610 m. Charles then ascended alone to the record altitude. * 1784— Pilâtre de Rozier and the chemist Joseph Proust in a Montgolfier. * 1803—18 July 1803— Étienne-Gaspard Robert and Auguste Lhoëst in a balloon. * 1839— Charles Green and Spencer Rush in a free balloon. * 1862—5 September 1862— about —Henry Coxwell and James Glaisher in a coal-gas balloon. Glaisher lost consciousness during the ascent due to the low air pressure and cold temperature of . * 1927—4 November 1927——Captain Hawthorne C. Gray of the (United States Army Air Corps) in a helium balloon. Gray was killed when his oxygen supply ran out. * 1931—27 May 1931— —Auguste Piccard & Paul Kipfer in a hydrogen balloon. * 1932— —Auguste Piccard and Max Cosyns in a hydrogen balloon. * 1933—30 September— USSR balloon ''USSR-1''. * 1933—20 November— Lt. Comdr. Thomas G. W. Settle (USN) and Maj Chester L. Fordney (USMC) in Century of Progress balloon * 1934—30 January— USSR balloon ''Osoaviakhim-1''. The three crew were killed when the balloon broke up during the descent. * 1935—10 November— Captain O. A. Anderson and Captain A. W. Stevens (United States Army Air Corps) ascended in the Explorer II gondola from the Stratobowl, near Rapid City, South Dakota, for a flight that lasted 8 hours 13 minutes and covered . * 1956—8 November— Malcolm D. Ross and M. L. Lewis (United States Navy) in Office of Naval Research Strato-Lab I, using a pressurized gondola and plastic balloon launching near Rapid City, South Dakota, and landing away near Kennedy, Nebraska. * 1957—2 June— Captain Joseph W. Kittinger (United States Air Force) ascended in the Manhigh 1 gondola to a record-breaking altitude. * 1957—19 August— above sea level, Major David Simons (United States Air Force) ascended from the Portsmouth Mine near Crosby, Minnesota in the Manhigh 2 gondola for a 32-hour record-breaking flight. Simons landed at 5:32 PM on 20 August in northeast South Dakota. * 1960—16 August— In testing a high altitude parachute system, Joseph Kittinger parachuted from Excelsior III over New Mexico at . He set world records for: high-altitude jump; free-fall by falling before opening his parachute; and fastest speed achieved by a human without motorized assistance, .〔()〕 * 1961—4 May—; Commander Malcolm D. Ross and Lieutenant Commander Victor A. Prather, Jr. (US Navy) in Strato-Lab V, using an unpressurized gondola. After descending, the gondola containing the two balloonists landed in the Gulf of Mexico. Prather slipped off the rescue helicopter's hook into the ocean and drowned. * 1966— Amateur parachute jumper Nicholas Piantanida (USA) reached with his Strato Jump II balloon but due to being unable to disconnect his oxygen line from the main capsule's feed he was forced to detach the balloon from the capsule, abort the jump and return in the capsule without the balloon. Due to his glove's design, he was also unable to reattach his safety harnesses and endured very great G forces but survived the descent. Piantanida's ascent is not recognized by the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale as a balloon altitude world record. * 2012—14 October – Felix Baumgartner in Red Bull Stratos reached on a balloon starting near Roswell, New Mexico, USA, and returned to Earth by a parachute jump. * 2014—24 October – Alan Eustace, a senior vice president at Google, reached on a balloon and returned to Earth by a parachute jump.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Alan Eustace Jumps From Stratosphere, Breaking Felix Baumgartner’s World Record )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Flight altitude record」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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